The Role Of Cultural Expectations On Sexual Orientation...

In the documentary Middle Sexes: Redefining He and She, the prejudices towards transgender and intersex individuals, as well as the fear they experience because of these prejudices, are underlined. A transgender individual is one that identifies with a gender that is not associated with their biological sex. An intersexual individual, however, is one that is born with indefinite sexual anatomical characteristics, making it difficult to identify as a male or female (Croteau Hoynes, 2013). In addition, this documentary emphasizes the impact of cultural expectations on sexual orientation and gender identification. The theme of prejudice and fear experienced by transgender and intersexual people can be observed all throughout Middle Sexes: Redefining He and She. At the very beginning of the documentary, this theme is illustrated through the murder of Gwen, a transsexual teenager. She had had sexual relations with two of her murderers who exclaimed, â€Å"I can’t be gay!† when they discovered she was a transsexual. They viewed Gwen as a boy pretending to be a girl, and beat her ruthlessly until finally strangling her to death. Her mother’s greatest fear was that her daughter’s transition might result in her ultimate demise, a fear that materialized into a horrific nightmare. Another instance of prejudice found in this documentary can be found in the story of Noah, an eight-year-old child with male anatomy that identifies with the female gender. Noah lives in the AmericanShow MoreRelatedGender Identity and Social Construction868 Words   |  4 PagesGender Identity and Social Construction Gender identity is a highly controversial subject. The notion that ones gender is a significant determination of personality traits, behavioral characteristics, social tendencies, romantic engagements and self-perception is a critical one. However, it is also subject to debate because of the imperatives created by the social construct of gender. This often clashes with what are, in reality, more nuanced and individualized connections to gender. This is particularlyRead MoreSexual orientation is the preferred term used when referring to an individuals physical and or1100 Words   |  5 PagesSexual orientation is the preferred term used when referring to an individuals physical and or emotional attraction to the same and or opposite sex. Heterosexual, bisexual, homosexual and pansexual are all sexual orientations. An individuals gender identity and expression is distinct from their sexual orientation. Throughout life as the individual explores the world around them, they are shaped b y the unique experiences and influences that are imparted upon them. All people experience life subjectivelyRead MoreSexual Orientation And Gender Identity2164 Words   |  9 Pages As mainstream media is now embracing the once taboo topics of sexual orientation and gender identity as popular culture utilities, psychologists and medical professionals are still researching the biological, psychological, and social differences between the two. Since the phenomena of  ¨coming out, or openly identifying as a sexual orientation or gender identity besides heterosexual or cisgender respectively, is a relatively recent anomaly, there is limited but contemporary research. The analysesRead MoreThe Concept Of Sexual Orientation1293 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept of sexual orientation, especially as it is studied and presented in large, population-based and school-based adolescent survey literature. Specifically, the study examined methodology and instrumentation used for the assessment and measurement of youth sexual orientation present in refereed literature. 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TheRead MoreDifference Between Sex And Gender2324 Words   |  10 PagesDifference Between Sex and Gender and How They Can Define Us A topic that has been heavily discussed throughout this course is the difference between sex and gender. For past several centuries the word gender has been used particularly as a substitute for sex and vice versa. It has proven to be quite a useful term in the past, however, distinctions between the terms sex and gender, in instances where one word would be more proper to use than the other, have not been fully recognized. In most instancesRead MoreThe Third Sex in Eastern Civilization1357 Words   |  6 Pageslooking at certain topic such as Gender, sex and religion. Gender is defined as the cultural, behavioral, or psychological characteristics, typically belonging to one sex. Sex is the behavioral, functional and Structural characteristics that distinguish males from females; it is also the act of people (or animals) attempting to sexually reproduce. Western civilizations and religions have always been strict and less accepting when it comes to the conversation of gender and sex . It is usually somethingRead MoreGender Identity Disorder2712 Words   |  11 PagesGender Identity Disorder What is gender identity disorder? Gender identity disorder (GID) is the formal diagnosis used by psychologists and physicians to describe persons who experience significant gender dysphoria (discontent with the biological sex they were born with). It is a psychiatric classification and describes the attributes related to transsexuality. Gender identity disorder in children is usually reported as having always been there since childhood, and is considered clinicallyRead MoreMy Life Chances within Canadian Society Essay1451 Words   |  6 PagesI, as a Chinese-Canadian, with respect to my social location based on race, class, gender, and sexuality, believe that they will affect my life chances in the post-industrial societies such as Canada. First of all, let me briefly describe my family background. I was born in the communist country of China. My family immigrated to Canada in the year of 1992. We were an average income family in China. However, after moving into Canada, we became a family that lies below poverty line. Since my parents

HW 2 Essay - 713 Words

University of XXXBUS 500B Fall 2014 Homework 2.2 Due Date: Sunday 09/28 Instructor: KittiTrade 1. Nation A’s production in 1 day Nation B’s production in 1 day Computers 100 Software 140 Computers 120 Software 150 Two nations can produce computers and software in the amounts given in the table above. Using the same amount of resources to produce two goods. Draw PPF curve and explain the reason of each question. a. Does either nation have an absolute advantage in producing the products? b. Which nation has a comparative advantage in computers? c. Which nation has a comparative advantage in software? 2. Assume some guy named Spano and a woman named Bagley are stranded on an island. Two tasks must be†¦show more content†¦Label these points B. (Look at the case of US and Japan’s export and import). (Each country will export what it specializes and import what it does not specialize) Firms in Competitive markets 4. Brennans Farm produces and sells milk. The market for milk is perfectly competitive. The market price of milk is $2.50 per gallon. The relationship between the farms output and total costs is shown in the table above. a) Draw Brennans average total, marginal revenue and marginal cost curves. (Hints: calculate total revenue (P* times Q) first, and then calculate MR) Use your graphs to find Brennans profit-maximizing output. (Hints: where MC=MR, you can estimate the level of output if not given specific number) If Brennan maximizes his profit, how much profit does he make? (ATC=2.13) d) Should Brennan stay in business? Will other farms with costs the same as Brennans enter the milk market? Explain. Monopoly 5. What are Adeles profit-maximizing output and price? What is Adeles economic profit? Explain your answer. b) Does Adeles Springs use resources efficiently? Explain your answer c) What is the deadweight loss due to profit-maximizing monopoly pricing under the following condition. 6. Trade Restriction a. 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For this assignment I intend to look at the issue of Racism, why it persists and what should be done about it Free Essays

string(102) " not being utilised to the best of its advantage or for the people to whom it is supposed to protect\." For this assignment I intend to look at the issue of Racism, why it persists and what should be done about it. I shall also look at the links between slavery and those of the asylum seekers living in Britain. I intend also to try and give a brief explanation of the racism and discrimination in the Chhoka case. We will write a custom essay sample on For this assignment I intend to look at the issue of Racism, why it persists and what should be done about it or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many different definitions of racism, all of them having one thing in common. Racism is the belief that someone is either inferior or superior regarding race, colour, and religion. Racism is â€Å"The belief in the inherent superiority of one race over all others and thereby the right to dominance†. The first place that most people associate with racist language is the home or the playground. For some parents, its not unheard of to â€Å"go to the Paki shop†, or â€Å"the Chinkies†, so our children are being schooled in the art of racist language from an early age. The media is the next most powerful weapon. We open our papers daily and read about muggings, killings mostly to do with black youths, but when a white youth is mugged or murdered or intimidated, it will make front page for sensationalism, again fuelling people’s hatred or misgivings. We can associate the use of language as being racist, for example anything black is understood to be evil or bad whereas white is the epitome of everything good and pure. Goodness will always triumph over bad. We can place certain people into 2 categories, those who are the targets and those who are the agents. By doing this it is easier to gain an insight into how some establishments or communities work. Targets: Are individuals or groups of people who are victimised by other individuals, groups of people, institutions, educational establishments, the lawmakers of the land plus the people entrusted to carry out and implement these laws. These people are the oppressed. Asylum seekers are perfect targets for any agent group. Even within this group, there can be agents who prey on the weakest of the group. Agents: These are the dominant social groups, people who would never describe themselves as dominant over another human being. They have a superior attitude, which sets them apart from sometimes even others in the same agent group. Agents are the groups or individuals of people who perpetrate acts of physical, verbal abuse towards others, but do not get their hands dirty in the physical sense of the word. They are instigators and normally to be found in high positions where their ideals are carried through on the pretext of professionalism. Targets can be found in the playground, in the media, in educational establishments, in high society and any other walk of life. These people are known as the oppressors. They blame the targets for any misfortune inflicted upon themselves. As before, there can be targets included in this group, as well as other agents as power is their ultimate weapon or tool. Slavery was at its most popular during the late fifteenth century. From the 1640’s a period of free trade opened up and Britain was one of the countries who exploited this to their advantage. Slave trading opened up new markets for British and European goods in Africa. Sugar, coffee and cotton were common commodities now. By the middle of the eighteenth century, British ships were carrying approximately 50,000 slaves a year. Royal Navy sailors complained of smelling the stench from the slave ships as they crossed from Africa across the Atlantic. It was with great delight to some and great sorrow to others when this trade was outlawed in 1807. Most British towns and cities were built on the labours and exploitation of the slave trade. The vast profits from American plantations were ploughed into cities such as Glasgow and Bristol and to anyone who suggested that â€Å"they don’t need to be here, they can go back to their own countries†, then we must ask them, who forced these people over here in the first place. We, the British people did. According to the Geneva Convention the term â€Å"refugee† applies to anyone who: â€Å"owing to well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country†. Asylum seekers did not choose to leave their own homes and countries, but were forced too. They left behind their families and their homelands due to war, oppression, violence and hate. They escaped fascist regimes, and the daily threat of hunger, oppression and death. Britain is the land of the unskilled, under-educated, socially excluded, yet many of the refugees are professionals in medicine, health, education and yet some see them as being scroungers of the state. Asylum seekers are discriminated as soon as they set foot in Britain. They are issued with sub-standard housing, in tower blocks full of dampness and repairs which will never be done, they are not allowed to work or offer their expertise and are sometimes trapped in their own homes for fear of their emotional and physical wellbeing. These people did not leave their own countries to become scapegoats for a society that pretends it cares. They are issued with food vouchers which is humiliating and degrading and are once again, under threat of a regime that they do not necessarily understand. Problems surrounding the recent events concerning the refugees are not helped by the fact that there has been no educational programme to teach young people and others in the community about the refugees backgrounds, no local support for the existing members of the community and a distinctly second rate police service, which is not being utilised to the best of its advantage or for the people to whom it is supposed to protect. You read "For this assignment I intend to look at the issue of Racism, why it persists and what should be done about it" in category "Papers" There are four key elements in place to support and reinforce each other. Sometimes these processes can be in force one at a time, but in the Chhoka case the four levels were present: Structural: Combining physical, legal and political structures such as the law, the government and all political processes. Cultural: The assumptions and norms of a shared society that bind individuals and institutions together and also their behaviours. Institutional: Educational establishments, the police force, government departments, businesses, the health system and the welfare system. Personal: Attitudes and beliefs of individuals and their behaviour towards others, either directly or indirectly. The case of Surjit Singh Chhokar, a 32 year old waiter who was stabbed to death has highlighted the flaws and faults in our so called civilised society. No one has ever been convicted of Surjit’s murder although it has taken over three years and two murder trials involving three men. The Chhokar case has shown how structural, cultural, institutional and personal racism all become linked. There were no interpreters available for the Chhokar family which was the first step in the cultural discrimination. This was a heartbroken family grieving at the loss of a son, a brother and who wanted answers. They trusted the police, the government, only wanting answers and no one even explained to them why the accused walked away free. They were treated inhumanely again when lawyers corresponded with them in English without translations or an interpreter available. When the news first broke, the murder only warranted a five line statement in the Evening Times, but when it became clear that there was more to the story, there was a sudden media frenzy Elements of institutional racism were found in the procedures of the police and the procurator fiscals offices. Police immediately ruled out a racial motive and the case would probably have been filed away and closed had it not been for Lord McCluskey, Scotland’s most senior judge. He questioned the Crown’s decision to accuse only one man of murder when it was obvious that there were another two involved. Lord Hardie, the then Lord Advocate said,†from the preliminary report given to me, I am satisfied the action taken in this case was the most appropriate in the circumstances†. Lord Hardie obviously did not realise the impact that this case would have on the whole judiciary system and the questions that would be raised. The key findings from the report were † The Crown Office quality and practice review unit should be reinforced and reconstituted as a formal inspectorate of the Crown Office and Procurator fiscal Service. The inspectorate should conduct a thematic review of the service’s response on race matters within two to three years. The police should make it their priority to translate policies into practical instructions for officers. HM Inspectorate of Constabulary should make it an early priority to conduct a thematic inspection of family liaison. More systematic communication, co-operation and exchange of ideas between the Crown Office and the police at the most senior levels.† The family’s lawyer also faced criticism when he took on the dual role of interpreter and public campaign organiser. The judiciary system made a mockery of our so called justice courts, but hopefully lessons have been learned, sad though it is that an innocent family had to suffer before this level of racism and discrimination was dragged into the forefront of every household. Hopefully the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000 will â€Å"shake up† what authorities need to be, in order for trust and respect to be shown and given by the people for whom their services are intended. The main purposes of this Act are to extend further the Race Relations Act 1976 in relation to public authorities; to make chief officers of police vicariously liable for acts of racial discrimination by police officers; and to amend the exemption under the Act for acts done for the purposed of safeguarding national security thus remedying a European Convention on Human Rights incompatibility in that legislation. The primary school that my youngest child attended has a anti-racism attitude (not in an official capacity) and they do their best to highlight every child’s culture, race, religion and involve the other children in a way that is enjoyable and educational. Parents are also invited to any concerts put on by the children and are asked to be involved in any specific food days, in which a group of children bring in their national food or sweet, letting again, the other children share in a culture which they would otherwise never have the experience of. It was with outrage one day when all parents were given letters by the local council stating that this practice would stop, as it was encouraging children outwith the school area to participate in bullying the small minority of ethnic children. Parents quickly sprang into action and with the support of parents of all nationalities, the local counsellor and a cover story by the local newspaper that our children were again allowed to enjoy the sharing and learning about each others culture, but it was shameful that children of that age were witness to the powers that be in the education system who would have stopped which is a learning experience in a close and safe environment, where hatred and name calling is not allowed and all the children are equal. This is only a small school with 160 children, but if they can succeed in an area where poverty, high unemployment, drugs and crime are linked then we should all take lessons from these teachers and children. My conclusion is that each of these events starting from the slave trade and the exploitation of the slaves by the British has paved the way for the terrible way in which we as a society treat the refugees, or asylum seekers. Until there is an educational system in place starting from nursery schools and ending in nursing homes, we will never be able to eradicate racism or discrimination. We need to challenge government, the school system, the law makers and decide on a curriculum which will enable our young people, the next generation, to grow without hate or prejudice and to pass their skills and knowledge onto the next. We need to see and accept that the asylum seekers are bringing with them a wealth of culture, expertise and experience and together we can all learn and enjoy each other as a multi-cultural society. How to cite For this assignment I intend to look at the issue of Racism, why it persists and what should be done about it, Papers

Global Marketing Management and Implications

Question: Discuss about the Global Marketing Management and Implications. Answer: Introduction: Skinjay is an independent French organisation established in 2012. The organisation deals with shower mixers and unique accumulation of aromatic capsules. The SWOT analysis of Skinjay and the implications on the product and the overall business is conducted as follows: Strengths: The company produces high quality products, as each capsule is formulated with necessary oils and raw materials, which are 100% natural. In addition, the formulations are tested to comply with the French regulations by following effective practices of manufacturing (Boutique.skinjay.com 2016). Skinjay uses the most advanced and modern technologies to manufacture its capsules. This is because it could be easily attuned to the shower hose, since the mixer of the organisation is developed on a proprietary technology, which is micro-nebulisation. Skinjay receives support from Rgion le-de-France, Aderly, Cosmetic Valley, Scientipole and many others in France. With the help of such support, it has become easier for the organisation to reach its target customers with greater convenience. Skinjay develops invigorating and fashion forward prints to influence the perceptions of the customers. Such strong visual presence helps in drawing the attention of the consumers, as effective branding elevates a firm or a product from just being a single unit (Design Council 2016). Implications: The invigorating prints of the mixers and capsules have attributed positively to the profitability of the organisation. Greater number of customers has started to place orders in Skinjay, which has helped the organisation in reducing its inventory at a faster rate. Hence, the sales of the organisation have tended to increase largely, which would help Skinjay to increase its presence in the Singapore market. Weaknesses: The product range of Skinjay is very limited, since it produces only mixer showers and aromatic capsules of limited stocks. Hence, the lack of variations in the product line might drive the consumers away towards other businesses in future, which might reduce the product sales and overall profit of Skinjay (Harvard Business Review 2016). Skinjay is a small brand, which has been established in 2012. Hence, the organisation size is small and the products of the organisation could only be catered through limited number of stockists. Since the company has focused on maintaining high quality products by using 100% natural raw materials, the pricing structure of such capsules is extremely high in contrast to the large brand. The cost of production is extremely high due to costly raw materials and oils, which has increased its variable cost and reduce the overall profit margin from each bottle. Implications: Lack of market reputation and higher product prices might turn the customers away to obtain substitute products at cheaper prices from the competitors. However, the loyal customer base would stay with Skinjay in Singapore due to their higher purchasing power. The products could not be delivered to all the consumers in France, which might result in low profit margin of the organisation. Opportunities: Skinjay delivers strong visual identity in the form of spirit of the water inspired by kinetic art and poetry. Such visual display helps in depicting the advantages of the brand new experience to the customers, which would help in generating awareness of the consumers. As a result, Skinjay might be able to develop loyal customer base, which would ensure better business growth in future. Skinjay is a part of the Cosmetic Valley and it is the first centre for the cosmetic global resources with special relations to research, training and technical knowhow. The company is planning to diversify and explore print designs of the capsules, which would help in attracting higher number of customers through improved visual merchandising. Implications: The diversification strategy would increase the demand for the products of the organisation in the market of Singapore, which would ensure stable business growth in future. With the help of such effective management strategy, the organisation could be able to speed up its productivity with the on-board meetings and timely entrance to knowledge (org 2016). Threats: Since Skinjay has high pricing structure compared to other popular brands, there is high probability that the customers might switch away to the other competitors for buying the same at lower and affordable prices. This could act as a major threat for Skinjay in future, since it might negatively influence its business profitability. Weak brand reputation due to lack of product diversification is another significant threat confronting the business operations of Skinjay. This is because the organisation has not focused on diversifying its product range and develops additional stores in Paris for generating additional sales. Since Skinjay is yet on the developing phase, any economic downturn might negatively affect the operating activities of thee organisation. This is another serious threat to the business in terms of future growth and expansion. Implications: Lack of management effectiveness of Skinjay might pose serious threats to the business in future in terms of its revenue generation capacity in Singapore, as the customers tend to avail differentiated products. The customer turnover due to higher pricing structure might limit the organisation to diversify its products, which would result in lower profit margin. References: Boutique.skinjay.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://boutique.skinjay.com/en/about-us-4 [Accessed 29 Nov. 2016]. Design Council. (2016).The power of branding. [online] Available at: https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/news-opinion/power-branding [Accessed 29 Nov. 2016]. Harvard Business Review. (2016).The Logic of Product-Line Extensions. [online] Available at: https://hbr.org/1994/11/the-logic-of-product-line-extensions [Accessed 29 Nov. 2016]. Kikm.org. (2016).The benefits OF Knowledge Management. [online] Available at: https://www.kikm.org/KM_Benefits.htm [Accessed 6 Dec. 2016].

The U.S. Toy industry

Nature of the Toy Industry in America The THE U.S. Toy industry encompasses the world largest producer and manufacturer of children entertainment products. According to 2011 financial reports, the global toy Industry generated revenue of $ 78 billion. The U.S toy industry contributed $21.18 billion to this amount, which marks a 2% decline from $21.68 generated in 2010 (The NPD Group, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The U.S. Toy industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This industry can be divided into the two categories of traditional toys and video games (Bryson, Rusten, 2011). According to the NPD tallies for 2011, video games accounted for $ 5,046,000 of the 21.18 billion generated by the toy industry. The major video games products manufactured by the Toy industry include PS2, Xbox, GC, Xbox360, Wii, PS3, DC, N64, PSI and Satum. The traditional toys manufacturing companies generate the largest perc entage of the revenue generated by the Toy industry because it offers a variety of products (Bryson, Rusten, 2011). These products encompass building sets, action figures /accessories, dolls, games and puzzles, infants and preschools toys, outdoor and sports toys, plush, vehicles, youth electronics, arts and craft, pretend play, trading cards and other different toys. 75% of the toy industry revenue in THE U.S. is generated by the top 50 toy companies. The United States Toys Industry Market Segmentation in terms of % share in 2011Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The estimated toy sales trends ascertain the fact that toy sales have been increasing and decreasing depending on the seasonality of the industry. In 2006, the toy industry generated $22.3 billion, which declined to $22.2 billion in 2007. In 2008, the revenue increased to $21.65. This culminated into $21. 47 in 20 09 that marked a decline from the revenue generated in 2008 (The NPD Group, 2011). In 2010 the revenue increased to $21.87, but later decline to $21.18 in 2011. The expected compound annual growth rate of revenues in the toy industry for the next five years encompasses 0.1 % from 2011 to 2016. In this case, the revenue generated by 2016 is estimated as 22.095.8 (The NPD Group, 2011).From this sales trend, it can be ascertained that the sales trends keep increasing and decreasing depending on the seasonal nature of the toy industry. The United States Toys Market Value in $billions from 2007 to 2011 The current operational/ management trends in the toy industry encompass diversity in the types of toy products manufactured, reduction in the need for free-form play toys due to the reduction of time for role-play which calls for increased production of video games, acquisition of small toy companies by the large companies, radical changes in the number of diversified retail and independ ent chains, impacts of changes in technology that culminate into the innovation of newer toy products as well as changes in the business matters, sales, legal, ethical and trade imbalances in the toy industry (Auerbach, 2004). The major marketing avenues utilized by companies in the Toy industry encompass television, magazines, Radio, newspapers, in-store displays, sweepstakes, use of brand name toys, trade show that used in forecasting industry sales, and acquisition of feedback by manufacturers from the retailers as well as the combined effort between the toy producing company and other companies that offer complementary products (Little $ King Company, LLC, 2010).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The U.S. Toy industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Other marketing strategies utilized by toy producing companies encompass company websites, post-launch reviews, print reviews, pre-launch reviews, special-in sto re promotions, as well as advertising in genre-specific toy magazines (Little $ King Company, LLC, 2010). Essentially, large toy companies utilize licensing as a major marketing strategy, because it accords them with leverage in the competitive toy industry. As an addition to the above marketing strategies, many companies have ventured into the Internet-based retail services that enhance the purchase of toys by customers from the manufacturers rather that going through retailers (Little $ King Company, LLC, 2010). The toy industry is identified as a seasonal industry. This is because major toy sales are done in the late third and fourth quarters of a year, due to the increase in demand for toys during the winter season. This seasonality definitely affects sales greatly. Early-buy programs are offered by large toy companies to reduce the number of products over demand (Little $ King Company, LLC, 2010). During the period that spans over the quarters in which limited revenue is genera ted, such large companies capitalize on the promotion and sale of such non-holiday toys as sports and educational related toys. To some extent the toy industry is sensitive to economic fluctuations. This is because as personal income increases, the retail sales for toys increase (Little $ King Company, LLC, 2010). A 1.6% increase in personal income in 2009 culminated into a 3.8% increase in retail toy sales in the same year. Essentially, the toy retail sector is usually more resilient as compared to other companies during a recession, but it encompasses the first industry to recover after a recession. Industry Developments The competition that the Toy Industry has been undergoing from such electronic gadgets as iPods in the ever changing entertainment world has culminated to the development of the industry through various innovations. Green innovations span through the various green initiatives exhibited during the JAR Toy Fair.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such green initiatives as the Erath Friendly Product Zone encompass the major contributions to the green initiatives (Bryson, Rusten, 2011). A good example of this encompasses the Design4Planet program introduced by LEGO, aimed at establishing sustainable product designs that are environment friendly. Various electronic items and video games have been introduced as innovations that can compete with the various electronic gadgets introduced through technological development in the modern world. This is a move that should stir traditional toy industries to think of how they can keep with the competition. Such products of the toy Industry can compete effectively as compared to the traditional toys. Under product innovation, theme based toys and embedded technology has been introduced into the developing toy industry. Under embedded technology, such toys as programmable cars and robotic dog have been introduced. Some companies have ventured into the production of toys based on children stories to increase their sales. Essentially, the toy industry has developed continually by embracing on-line sales of various toy products. The International Council of Toy Industries (ICTI) has always been committed to the promotion of toy safety as one of the major government regulation governing the THE U.S. toy industry while working with standard bodies to improve the safety requirements when producing toys. (International Council of Toy Industries, 2010). In this case, they ensure that toys are produced for particular children categories and they do not pose any risks or accidents to such particular categories. New toys should also be fitted with safety devices that can withstand tear and wear as they enhance the safety of the users. Essentially, as part of the government regulations, the toys producing companies possess the social responsibility of ensuring that all employees engaged in the production of toys, are accorded with favorable working conditions (International Co uncil of Toy Industries, 2011). ICTI organizes annual trade shows in which qualifying companies from all over the world are allowed to exhibit new products. These exhibits are however subjected to various government regulations in terms of exhibit regulations as well as attendance qualifications (International Council of Toy Industries, 2011). Traffic and non-tariff trade barriers exist in the international trade industry. Such are however regulated through various government regulations that ensure unfair trade practices are eliminated from the developing international toy industry. In terms of the consumer market data, 28.2% of the Global market value can be accounted to THE U.S., while 27.8% can be accounted to Europe Global Consumer market value segmentation In terms of consumer market distribution, the leading distributers of toys in the consumer market encompass specialist stores, Hypermarkets, Supermarkets, discounters, department’s stores, general retails as well as other distributors (Bryson Rusten, 2011). 30.7% of the distribution can be attributed to the Hypermarkets, Supermarkets and discounters. Specialist stores account for 52.8%, general retailers account for 6.8%, department stores account for 5.25 while other distributors account for 4.6% as shown by the pie chart below Segmentation of the Toy Distributors in the Consumer Market Competitor Information The modern Toy Industry in THE U.S. is dominated by such leaders as Mattel, Hasbro and JAKKS Pacific. Mattel encompasses the largest toy producing company In America in terms of revenue. Essentially, it encompasses the largest toy manufacturer in the world. In 2010, the company generated $6 billion in net sales and $ 700 million in net income. Mattel produces Barbie dolls, master of the universe, board games, Fisher Price, Hot Wheels, American Girl Dolls and Matchbox toys. Its headquarters are situated in El Segundo, California (Bryson Rusten, 2011). 49% of its Gross sales is accounted for by the company’s international revenue that originates from Europe, Asia and Latin America (Bryson Rusten, 2011). The company was established in 1945, but begun its first Barbie product line in 1959. It gained its fame in the 1960s through its talking dolls production. In 2002, the company closed shop in Africa and transferred its business through outsourcing to China. Hasbro encompasses the second leading toy company In THE U.S. that is engaged in the manufacture of card games, educations games, boards games and other family games. It recorded $4 billion in net sales and $ 400 million net income in 2010. Its headquarters are situated in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, but the major percentage of its products is produced in East Asia (Bryson Rusten, 2011). Its first toy was produced in 1940’s inform of nurse and doctor kits, the company’s first toy that gained popularity in the toy market encompasses Mr. Potato Head that was produced in 1952. Their first action figure, G.I Joe was produced in 1964 and the company’s name was shorted from Hassenfeld Brothers to Hasbro industries in 1968. Currently it encompasses a parent company to various subsidiaries. Apart from the manufacturing facilities owned and operated in Asia, the company operates two manufacturing facilities in East Longmeadow, Massachusetts and Waterford, Ireland. JAKKS Pacific encompasses the third largest toy manufacturing company in THE U.S. whose revenue is generated from the production of toy cars, video games, dolls and action figures (Bryson Rusten, 2011). In 2010, it recorded $ 750 million in net sales and $50 million net income. It was established in 1995 in Malibu California and started to acquire small toy companies up to 2008. It has managed to acquire the third position in the toy market through licensing agreements, strategic acquisitions as well as product development. Competition in the Toy Industry cannot only be limited to the large businesses in the ind ustry; it also spans the competition from other toy producing companies in the world. THE U.S. imports most of its toys from China (Bryson Rusten, 2011). In this case, the American Toy producing companies encounter considerable competition from the Chinese Toy Producing companies. This competition is something to awaken the traditional toy companies, especially the THE U.S. based companies which are facing still competition in the current market. In 2008, the U.S consumption of toys amounted to $24 billion. 85% of this consumption was met by the Chinese toy producing companies. This consumption reduced to $22 billion in 2010, but the percentage met by the Chinese toy companies did not reduce. From the two exhibits below, it can be concluded that though China encompasses the major competitor of the United States toy industry, the Topy Producing companies in U.S still encounter surmountable competition from Toy manufacturing companies in Japan, Mexico, Taiwan, Indonesia, Denmark, Can ada, Hong Kong, Thailand and Germany. U.S Toy Imports vs. Apparent Consumption and Toy Imports from China Top US Import Sources Summary of the Analysis The comprehensive industry analysis of the THE U.S. toy industry has been divided into nature of the industry, industry development and competitor information. Under the nature of the industry, the estimate size of the industry encompasses $78 billion revenue generation by the international Toy industry of which $21.18 can be attributed to the U.S toy industry. In terms of sales trends, sales have been on the decrease from 2007 to 2011 but an estimated 0.1% increase is expected to be attained by 2016. Such operational/management trends as the acquisition of small toy companies can be attributed to the nature of the toy industry. Various marketing strategies that include Internet-based retail services can be attributed to the nature of the industry. The toy Industry in American encompasses a seasonal industry that is affected by var ious economic fluctuations. In terms of industry development, the industry has undergone various innovations and government regulations ion its development course. Essentially, the consumer market data provided ascertains that U.S accounts the highest consumer market value in the international toy industry. Inherently, specialized stores encompass the highest toy distributors in the consumer market. Competitor information ascertains the major businesses in the U.S toy industries include Mattel, Hasbro and JAKKS Pacific. Though Mattel is identified as the largest toy producer in U.S, it is also identified as the largest toy manufacturer in the world. Though these companies pose considerable competition to other toy [producing companies in U.S, toy producing companies from china, Japan, Mexico, Taiwan, Indonesia, Denmark, Canada, Hong Kong, Thailand and Germany also pose surmountable competition. References Auerbach, S. (2004). Toy industry: Past, present and future. The Big Game Hunt er. Web. Bryson, J., R. Rusten, G. (2011). Design economies and the changing world economy: innovation, production and competitiveness. New York, NY: Taylor Francis. International Council of Toy Industries. (2011). Industry information. Web. Little $ King Company, LLC. (2010). The transformational toy manufacturing industry. Web. The NPD Group. (2011). THE U.S. toy industry retail sales generated $21.18 billion in 2011. Web. This report on The U.S. Toy industry was written and submitted by user Juan S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter

Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter Free Online Research Papers Example of General Undergraduate Admission Letter The most important elements that have encouraged my interest in my journey through the psychology program are all of my classes that I take. Every new psychology class I take ensures me that I am going in the correct direction with my life. I have enjoyed learning things in all of my classes. Another element that keeps encouraging me in my interest is my father. He is in the process of getting his masters in counseling and I love being able to have conversations with him about issues that have come up in his and my classes. Academically I want to accomplish my doctorate. I plan on graduating from Concordia and going to grad school. I am still not sure if I am going to take some time off before grad school. I do plan on going only for my masters at first then getting a job. After a couple of years I want to go back and get my doctorate. The one thing that I always want to do is to keep learning. Professionally I want to work with children and adolescents; I plan on being a counselor. I want to start my own practice or work with someone else in private practice. One of my best personal strengths is being a social person. I love working with people and I am good at working with people. One of the reasons that I am good at working with people is because I am a very good listener and I am also very empathetic. I know how to read between the lines when people talk, and I really care what people have to say and what they are feeling. The personal weakness that will be difficult is I am very emotional. I really feel for people when something bad has happened. I don’t know how to deal with it yet. It doesn’t even have to be anything that has happened to me. I see something sad on the T.V. or movie and I cry. If someone tells me a sad story and they are crying then I start to cry. I have worked with kids all my life with babysitting, working in the nursery at my church and working as a nanny. I am currently in the process of applying to volunteer at Doernbecher children’s hospital. I have volunteered for years with habitat for humanity, paint the town, and mission work at my church, other then that I haven’t done much to help my in field of psychology. Research Papers on Example of General Undergraduate Admission LetterStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThree Concepts of PsychodynamicBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoWhere Wild and West MeetTrailblazing by Eric AndersonBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Macroeconomic effects of Hurricane Katrina Essay

Macroeconomic effects of Hurricane Katrina - Essay Example Reconstruction activities are expected to restore the level of GDP to what it was before Katrina. Loss of wealth and capital due to Katrina would not influence GDP. GDP is a measure of current activities, not a measure of nation's wealth. GDP would not capture the economic impact nor the devastating loss of life and dislocation associated with Katrina (Reed 4). 4. Katrina's Effect on the Economic Growth White house economic advisor said in August 31, 2005: "Hurricane Katrina is likely to have only a modest impact on the U.S. economy as long as the hit to the energy sector proves transitory."3 Congressional Budget Office (CBO) expected Katrina to dampen national (inflation-adjusted) economic growth rate by 0.5 to 1 percent only and reduce employment by about 400,000 in the second half of 2005. CBO anticipated that economic growth and employment are likely to rebound during the first half of 2006 as rebuilding accelerates (First 3). The following table summarizes the forecast projections (Reed 3). Table 1: Estimated Effects of Hurricane Katrina on Economic Growth.4 5. Katrina's Effect on the Labor Force Katrina destroyed the infrastructure of most businesses in the Gulf Coast. Workers' homes were also destroyed and the labor force decreased substantially in the Coast as people evacuated the area. When reconstruction efforts started pumping money into the region, new jobs started to surface. It would still take time to regain the labor force that existed in the Gulf Coast prior to Katrina. Job losses in the Gulf Coast would overwhelm growth in jobs across the nation (Reed 6). 6. Katrina's Effect on the Consumer Prices and Inflation It is expected that on the short run, consumer prices will rise due to rise in energy prices.... This essay is one of the best examples of analysis of the destructive impacts of Hurricane Katrina on the American economy. Katrina caused the dislocation of many people, who would need housing, access to health care, education for their children, and means to meet their basic needs. Destruction of bridges, highways, residential and business property represent a permanent loss in national wealth and capital. Congress has appropriated $62 billion for Katrina relief activities, which would increase budget deficit. Katrina destroyed the infrastructure of most businesses in the Gulf Coast. Evacuation of the Gulf coast reduced economic activities in the region in the short term, which decreased GDP. Resources that would have been used for investment and spending are now to be used rebuilding. Reconstruction activities generate jobs and income which adds to the GDP. Reconstruction activities are expected to restore the level of GDP to what it was before Katrina. When reconstruction efforts started, new jobs surfaced. Most economic activities came to a halt as a result of the devastation of Katrina. New Orleans flood accounts for almost half of the total property damage. Investment in rebuilding the Gulf Coast would allow dislocated inhabitants to return home. Reconstruction activities in the Gulf Coast would help cushion the macroeconomic effect of Katrina. Replacing and rebuilding the capital lost would enable the southern states of Mississippi and Louisiana to regain their abilities to provide their share in national growth.